A savings account is a bank account designed to save money. In a savings account, you’re not making regular transactions that sees money come in and go out. Instead, money comes in and is meant to stay in the account as a reserve fund or is only transferred out of the account when you reach your savings goal. To encourage you to save, many savings accounts charge you for transfers or debit purchases made from the account and most savings accounts come with a small annual percentage yield (APY) of interest so that your savings will grow a little bit every year just by keeping your money in the account.
Types of Savings Accounts
Within the umbrella of savings accounts, you’ll encounter the following different types:
Basic savings account. This savings account is very similar to a chequing account, but it’s designed to store your money over the longer term, rather than transact your money to pay bills and make purchases. It usually encourages you to save by offering a small amount of interest. Some basic savings accounts also charge a fee if you don’t maintain a certain balance, but this is not always the case. It’s also often possible to saving money in U.S. dollars by opening a U.S. dollar savings account.
Youth savings account. This type of savings account is often used to teach children about saving. It can be opened by youth under the age of 18 and often has no restrictions ascribed to it, like a limited number of transactions or the need to maintain a certain balance. There are also no monthly fees and the only restriction usually is that you have to be a Canadian resident.
High-Yield savings account. This is a savings account that generally has no minimum deposit and offers an APY between 1.05% and 2.00%, with higher rates offered by accounts from branchless or online banks and credit unions. These accounts are exactly the same as basic savings accounts, but with higher interest, minimum balance requirements and withdrawal limitations. High-Yield savings accounts are also available in U.S. dollars.
Registered savings account. These are savings accounts that are registered with the CRA for a tax benefit that is the major incentive for opening them in the first place. Registered accounts usually have an annual and lifetime contribution limit and the investments you can have in them are not limited to cash. Instead they can also include stocks, GICs, mutual funds and savings bonds.
Registered Retirement Savings Plan (RRSP). An RRSP is a type of registered savings account established by the federal government to help Canadians save for their retirement. It’s marked by the fact that tax on your contributions is deferred until you retire when your income is likely to be a lot lower and therefore, you will pay less tax on any contributions you made when you withdraw them to fund your retirement itself. Add to that, RRSPs allow you to withdraw a limited amount of funds from them to finance a home or training and education through the Homebuyers Plan and the Lifelong Learning Plan, respectively.
Registered Education Savings Plan (RESP). An RESP is a type of registered savings account designed by the federal government to help parents, grandparents and guardians save money for the post-secondary education of the children in their care. The federal government also provides the Canada Education Savings Grant (CESG), which matches 20% of any RESP contribution to a maximum of $500 per child per year. While not providing an immediate tax break like an RRSP, capital gains in the account are not taxed. The funds inside an RESP can be used to fund tuition, books, housing and other living expenses at an approved post-secondary institution and are taxed in the hands of the beneficiary once they are withdrawn.
Registered Disability Savings Plan (RDSP). An RDSP is a type of registered savings account designed by the federal government to support a Canadian with a disability. Like the RESP, the government matches contributions to an RDSP to a maximum of $3,500 per year. but if you withdraw any funds ten years after you receive a matching grant, that last grant you received must be paid back. Payments start automatically withdrawing from the RDSP without penalty when the beneficiary turns 60 and are received annually for the rest of their life until the account reaches a $0 balance.
Tax-Free Savings Account (TFSA). A TFSA is a registered account designed by the federal government for any savings goal. Those savings are amassed tax-free whether they be through contributions or interest growth up to a limit of $7,000 per year (for 2024) and $95,000 lifetime (as of 2024) if you were over 18 by 2009 when the fund began. Unlike other registered accounts, withdrawals can be made at anytime without penalty and you don’t have to pay tax on the money you take out.